College Certificate Wording

Victor Hu go

Born in Besancon on February 26 1802, but his childhood spent in Paris. His stay in Naples and Spain, with his father, Napoleonic general for Spain from 1808 to 1812. There was a page of José I Bonaparte. During his childhood he had great love for drawing at any time and anywhere, fans would retain all his life. Already with 14 years decided to become a writer and wrote: I will Chateaubriand or nothing. Along with his brothers in 1819 founded a magazine, The Conservative literature, which now stands in his talent and he is the only participant in it but using up to eleven pseudonyms. The same year, won the competition of the Academy of the Floral Games. In these early years also devoted himself to painting, something he did with great ease.

Victor Hugo in his youth

At 14, he decides to be a writer since the age of 16 he published his first work. With only 18 have written in Iceland, a masterpiece of romanticism that causes surprise and immediately establishes the writer. Then he published his book of poems, Odes, which appeared in 1821: then has twenty years and studied at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand will allow itself known soon. Participates in meetings of the Cenacle of Charles Nodier in the Arsenal Library, the cradle of Romanticism, which will have a major influence on their development. In discussions given there was able to quiet and then convince a contertulio with just one sentence. In 1820 write his first volume of poems that had great success in the court of Louis XVIII. Three years later he was named Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. The blast occurred in Cromwell, published in 1827. In the prologue of this drama, is opposed to the classical conventions, especially the unity of time and unity of place, but only put into practice at all in the play Hernani (later in 1844 was adapted by Giuseppe Verdi his opera Ernani, in addition to the king the adapted sports his opera Rigoletto). Before this latest musical Victor Hugo was upset with Verdi did not ask permission to perform this work, so they fought for the rights of copyright throughout its life. Before Lorme Marion had written a book considered too liberal, so it was censored.

Besançon The house where Victor Hugo was born

Between 1826 and 1837, spent several seasons in the Roches in Bièvres Castle, owned by l'Aîné Bertin, director of Le Journal des débats. During these stays, she meets Berlioz, Chateaubriand, Liszt, Giacomo Meyerbeer and produces books of poetry, among which is the famous autumn leaves. During this time he was appointed official of the French Legion and shortly after the French pair. Borgia Lucrèce wrote his drama in which distorted the image of the woman reflecting on her a poisoner was not such, but even if not true to write readers believed him and admired him.

to a great age, had numerous lovers. The best known, the actress Juliette Drouet, who devoted his life, he escaped from prison after the coup of Napoleon III. Wrote many poems to her. Always went together the anniversary of their meeting, and for the occasion, year after year, a common book called the book's anniversary. She always bore his excesses and brutal holiday meals that swallowed and came to make several trips down the river Rhine and the Channel (where they lived on several islands). Before he married Adèle Foucher in 1822, very happy marriage while it lasted, but in 1831 ended with an affair of her with a literary critic, tired from the busy life of the writer. They had five sons, Leopold, who died shortly after birth, Leopoldine, who died in the waters of the Seine on their wedding night, Charles and Adele.

In the same year he separated from his wife Adèle, wrote by order of an editor of Notre Dame, a work which cost him many hours to write and that he was to leave with bad appearance and thin, but the effort was worth it because it was well appreciated by critics and a hit with readers, a fact that eased his bad financial state, at the time Victor Hugo was 28.

Educated by his mother, originally from the rebellious region of Vendee, loyal to realism, it will gradually convinced of the virtues of democracy ("I grew up), as evidenced throughout his work. His view is that "where knowledge is only a man, is imposed monarchy. Where a group of men, must leave his place to the aristocracy. And when everyone has access to the lights of knowledge, is that the time has come of democracy. " Once converted to liberal democracy and humanitarian, is elected to the Second Republic in 1848, and endorsed the candidacy of Prince Louis-Napoleon, but goes into exile after the coup d'état of December 2, 1851 that condemns with vigor moral reasons (Infamous and the little Napoleon.) At this time his sons were even imprisoned, acquitted after his exile.

Under the Second Empire, as opposed to Napoleon III, lives in exile in Brussels first, and then in Jersey and Guernsey. It is one of the few outcasts that rejects amnesty to be granted shortly afterwards ("And when only one remains, that will be me"). The pérdida de su hija Léopoldine en Villequier en 1843 le afecta bastante, planteándose incluso el suicidio, y en Jersey tiene escarceos con el espiritismo, de lo que nos deja testimonio en una extraña obra, Las mesas que dan vueltas de Jersey.

Durante la década de 1860, atraviesa en varias ocasiones el Gran Ducado de Luxemburgo como turista, de camino hacia el Rin alemán (1862, 1863, 1864, 1865). En 1871, tras la Comuna de París, al ser expulsado de Bélgica por haber prestado refugio a comuneros perseguidos en la capital francesa, encuentra asilo durante tres meses y medio en el Gran Ducado (1 de junio – 23 de septiembre). Luego vuelve a París y será una de las figuras guardianship of the Third Republic. In 1862 he wrote his big hit Les Miserables, great work of French literature.

During his exile he met Oscar Wilde and Hans Christian Andersen. Earlier he met Alexandre Dumas and Jules Verne.

He returned from exile in 1870 with the proclamation of the Third Republic. Arriving in Paris, people came down the street to greet him with full honors. He was again elected. In 1871 he was made a tribute to the 50 th anniversary of Our Lady of Paris in Paris attended by 600,000. He tried again a member of the French Academy, but died without being able to perform which was his ultimate dream in life.

died May 22, 1885 due to pneumonia and before this fact gave 50,000 francs to the poor. According to his will, is buried in the Pantheon in Paris, which comes in the "hearse the poor." His coffin had lain for several days under the Arc de Triomphe, where he says he was visited by three million people. He was appointed as the Sun King of the literature, although, years later, Jean Cocteau also referred to him with this sentence: "Victor Hugo was a madman who was posing as Victor Hugo." Song

Nace

dawn and your door is closed
Hermosa my, what sleep? If you wake
rose,
not going to wake you? My cute charm


hear ya, your lover

singing and crying.

knocks on your door all blessed.
aurora Says: 'I am on the day. "
the bird says:" I harmony. "
And my heart:" I love. "
My cute charm

hear ya,
a lover who sings
and cries.

I love you, angel, I love you
woman God created me
completed you my love to your soul.
And my eyes for your beauty. Version

Rafael Pombo